Exploring Alternative Use of Medicinal Plants for Sustainable Weed Management

Kwame Appiah,Christiana Amoatey,Yosei Oikawa,Hossein Mardani,Sylvia Kpabitey,Yoshiharu Fujii,Asma Osivand

doi:10.3390/su9081468

Kwame Appiah, Christiana Amoatey + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/su9081468

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Abstract

This paper presents the first application of ethnobotanical studies to screen for allelopathic species among medicinal plants for sustainable weed management. This study assesses the possible relationship between ethnobotanical indices and allelopathy of medicinal plants. Ethnobotanical data were collected in 2016 by using semi-structured interviews with 140 informants in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality, Ghana. Data were analysed using statistical tool and ethnobotanical indices including use value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). The Sandwich and Dish pack methods were respectively used to evaluate allelopathy through leachates and volatiles of collected samples. Ninety-five species belonging to 43 families are reported in this study, with leaves (52%) cited the most utilised plant part. Cleistopholis patens (UV = 0.54; FL = 90.7%; RFC = 0.37) and Ocimum gratissimum (UV = 0.37; FL = 38.4%; RFC = 0.35) were among the most cited species. Thirty-two species showed inhibition (≥49.3%) by leachates, while twenty-four species were found with potential volatile inhibitory compounds against lettuce radicle growth. There was a significant positive correlation (Pearson) between the UV and RFC of medicinal plants and allelopathy by leaf leachates (r = 0.639 **; p = 0.01 and r = 0.653 **; p = 0.01 respectively). This systematic documentation of medicinal plants in Ejisu-Juaben Municipality shows medicinal plants with ethnomedicinal values and potential allelopathy that can be utilised in sustainable weed control.

Highlights

Medicinal plants have been an important part of human health care and most of these plants contain a number of secondary metabolites that may function as repellents, poisons, hormones, and as attractants in some cases [1,2,3,4]
The ethnobotanical importance of the mentioned medicinal plants in the study area is shown by the reported use value (UV), fidelity level (FL), and relative frequency of citation (RFC)
The UV and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) significantly correlated with lettuce radicle inhibition through plant leachates

Summary

Introduction

Medicinal plants have been an important part of human health care and most of these plants contain a number of secondary metabolites that may function as repellents, poisons, hormones, and as attractants in some cases [1,2,3,4] Many of these secondary metabolites contained in medicinal plants have pharmacological properties that are reported to be responsible for the curative effects of medicinal plants [5,6]. About 25% of prescribed drugs worldwide are derived from plants and/or their derived synthetic analogues [9,14,15,16] Some of these bioactive substances with pharmacological properties have been reported with allelopathic activities [17,18,19]

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