Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and fruits Citrus paradisi plant on HepG-2 liver cell lines by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-terazolium bromide) assay and to isolate and characterize the antiproliferative compounds by TLC (Thin layer chromatography) and FT-IR (Fourier transforms Infrared) spectroscopy. Qualitative phytochemical screening tests were performed to detect phytochemicals compounds from the crude extracts. Antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were characterized by using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method. The results showed that antioxidant activity using DPPH were found to be increased in a concentration dependent manner and decreased cell viability and cell growth inhibition in a dose dependent manner. The findings from this study indicated that fruit extract exhibited good antiproliferation and antioxidant potential. The seven functional groups of phytocompounds such as carboxylic acid, amine salt, aromatic compounds, cyclic alkene, aldehyde, fluoro compounds and alkene were detected by FT-IR which indicated that fruit extracts of Citrus paradisi possessed vast potential as a medicinal drug especially in liver cancer treatment.
Highlights
Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit) relates to the Citrus genus, a taxa of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae
These HepG-2 cell lines have previously been used for evaluation of the cytotoxic potential of fruit extracts (Abu Bakar et al, 2015)
The present study demonstrated that ethanolic extracts of fruits of C. paradisi have good antioxidant and antiproliferative activity
Summary
Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit) relates to the Citrus genus, a taxa of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae. Citrus is one of the most consumed fruits in the world and contain a high number of useful by-products which include essential oils. It is mostly consumed fresh or used as raw materials for juice and wine. The yield of grapefruit and oranges juice is about half of the fruit weight thereby generating a very high amount of waste annually. It has been used as a folk medicine in many countries as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti- inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, astringent and preservative. It has been used for cancer prevention, cellular regeneration, lowering of cholesterol, cleansing, detoxification, heart health maintenance, lupus nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis and weight loss (Okunowo et al, 2013; Danish et al, 2020)
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