Exploratory study of the prevalence of high risk for coronary events in the brazilian population: evidence from two population-based surveys

Abstract

Circulatory system diseases are the leading causes of death and disability in the Brazilian’s population. To carry out an exploratory analysis of temporal changes in the prevalence of high risk coronary events and associated factors in the Brazilian population based on the first phase of risk stratification of the Brazilian Guidelines on Cardiovascular Risk. This cross-sectional study was carried out in panels to assess temporal changes in the prevalence of high risk coronary events in Brazilian adults according to the first phase of risk stratification of the Brazilian Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention based on self-reported information from two national household surveys. Proportional differences tests and generalized linear models (Poisson Regression) were used to consider the complex survey samplings, namely NHS 2013 and NHS 2019. There was an increase in the proportion of high risk coronary events between the two surveys (10.05 vs 12.11, p<0.001). There was a higher prevalence of high risk coronary events in residents from the Center-South region of Brazil (PR=1.40; 95% CI 1.31-1.50), with advancing age (PR=4.87;95% CI 3.85-6.15), male (1.15 ; 95% CI 1.09-1.21), with regular, poor, or very poor health self-assessment (PR=2.63;95% CI 2.44-2.85), a smoking history (PR=1.12; 95% CI 1.06-1.17), underlying health conditions factors such as hypertension (PR=1.82 ; 95% 1.70-1.95) and high cholesterol (PR=1.31; 95% CI 1.08-1.60) and overweight/obesity (PR=1.42; 95% CI 1.32-1.56). There was an increase in the prevalence of high risk coronary events in the five years in the Brazilian population. The higher prevalence of this outcome was associated with sociodemographic factors, underlying health conditions factors, and a history of smoking and being overweight and obese.