Exploration of the Rural Maternity Protection System under the Active Reproductive Policy ---- Take the example of Delay Town, Shanxi Province

Abstract

The twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China noted that "Chinese-style modernization is modernization with a huge population". Population and development are closely related, and since the reform and opening up, the demographic dividend has provided a core power source for China's economy to shift to a high-quality development stage. However, at the end of 2022, China's population will experience its first negative growth in 61 years, and the problem of population aging is serious. To promote the long-term balanced development of the population, the State has successively optimized and improved the fertility policy, but after the implementation of the policy, a large number of studies have found that the policy adjustments have not produced obvious effects, and falling into the "low fertility trap" is still a major challenge for us. In terms of maternity protection, the problem of unfairness and irregularity is still prominent, and a large number of policies are directed at urban salaried women, with less coverage of rural women's rights and interests. In this paper, research was conducted in the town of Danzi, Shanxi Province, to compare the differences between urban and rural maternity protection in Shanxi Province, to investigate the maternity needs of rural women, and to put forward targeted policy recommendations. At the same time, this study will help to enrich the research content in related fields, explore the fertility needs of fertile families, and release the kinetic energy of fertility, so that rural residents can "afford to give birth to children, and even more affordable to raise them".