Exploration of the Potential Relationship Between Gut Microbiota Remodeling Under the Influence of High-Protein Diet and Crohn's Disease.

Yiming Zhao,Shuijiao Chen,Jing Huang,Zheng Yu,Liyu Chen,Lulu Chen

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.831176

Yiming Zhao, Shuijiao Chen + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.831176

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Abstract

Diet and gut microbiota are both important factors in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease, and changes in diet can lead to alteration in gut microbiome. However, there is still insufficient exploration on interaction within the gut microbiota under high-protein diet (HPD) intervention. We analyzed the gut microbial network and marker taxa from patients with Crohn’s disease in public database (GMrepo, https://gmrepo.humangut.info) combined with investigation of the changes of composition and function of intestinal microbiome in mice fed on HPD by metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that there was an indirect negative correlation between Escherichia coli and Lachnospiraceae in patients with Crohn’s disease, and Escherichia coli was a marker for both Crohn’s disease and HPD intervention. Besides, enriched HH_1414 (one of the orthologs in eggNOG) related to tryptophan metabolism was from Helicobacter, whereas reduced orthologs (OGs) mainly contributed by Lachnospiraceae after HPD intervention. Our research indicates that some compositional changes in gut microbiota after HPD intervention are consistent with those in patients with Crohn’s disease, providing insights into potential impact of altered gut microbes under HPD on Crohn’s disease.

Highlights

Crohn’s disease is a subtype of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) characterized by chronic inflammation of any part of the gastrointestinal tract, with a progressive and destructive course as well as an increasing incidence worldwide (Torres et al, 2017; Roda et al, 2020)
To investigate the functional change of gut microbiome, firstly, we found that HH_1414 annotated as tryptophan synthase was enriched in high-protein diet (HPD) group and mainly contributed by Helicobacter while reduced OGs mainly caused by Lachnospiraceae
We focused on the potential impact of altered gut microbiota on Crohn’s disease under HPD, and constructed a mouse model of HPD to study changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiota

Summary

Introduction

Crohn’s disease is a subtype of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) characterized by chronic inflammation of any part of the gastrointestinal tract, with a progressive and destructive course as well as an increasing incidence worldwide (Torres et al, 2017; Roda et al, 2020). The cause and progression of Crohn’s disease remains unclear. It has been reported that several factors involve in the cause of Crohn’s disease include genetic susceptibility, environmental factors (e.g., diet), altered gut microbiota, and dysregulated immune system (Torres et al, 2017; Levine et al, 2018; Wark et al, 2020). The contribution of genetics together only explained 19%–26% of the hereditary variance of IBD (Peters et al, 2017). Diet is an important factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of IBD (Pascal et al, 2017).

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