Abstract
We present experimental and theoretical studies of the effect of an external magnetic field on the 3P0–5s2 1S0 forbidden transition in the bosonic Sr atom. In our ultra-cold atomic system, the excitation fraction of the forbidden transition was measured under the circumstance of the different magnetic field strengths by using the normalized detection method. Based on the perturbation theory, we calculated the magnetic-field-induced 3P0–5s2 1S0 transition rate as a function of the magnetic field strength. Electronic matrix elements entering the calculation of the transition rate were also used to derive the theoretical excitation fraction as a function of the magnetic field strength. A good agreement was found between the experimental measurements and the calculations. This study should be helpful in evaluating the magnetic field effects on the forbidden transition rate with higher accuracy. Moreover, it can help to understand the ultra-cold atomic interaction in the external magnetic field.
Highlights
The forbidden lines are commonly used for studying astrophysical and laboratory plasmas [1]
In our ultra-cold atomic system, the excitation fraction of 5s5p 3P0 - 5s2 1S0 forbidden transition was measured under the circumstance of the different magnetic field strengths by using the normalized detection method
In the self-consistent field (SCF) procedure, the coefficients cj and the one-electron relativistic orbitals are optimized by solving the multi-configuration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) equations, which are derived from the variational principle
Summary
The forbidden lines are commonly used for studying astrophysical and laboratory plasmas [1]. The 5s5p 3P0 - 5s2 1S0 transition in neutral Sr atom, as a typical E1 forbidden transition, has been extensively studied in experiments and theories for its potential applications in quantum computing [12], optical atomic clocks [13,14,15,16], and atom interferometers [17] This forbidden transition is induced by the hyperfine interaction in the fermionic atom, and referred to as the hyperfine-induced transition. In the bosonic Sr optical clock, this clock transition rate depends on the magnetic field strength [18, 19]. We measured the excitation fraction of 5s5p 3P0 - 5s2 1S0 forbidden transition using the normalized detection method under the circumstance of the different magnetic field strengths in our 88Sr ultra-cold atomic system. A comparison between the experimental results and theoretical calculations was made and we found that the theoretical calculations are in good agreement with our measurements
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