Exploration of the ground state properties of neutron-rich sodium isotopes using the deformed relativistic mean field theory in complex momentumrepresentations with BCS pairings* *Partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11935001, 11575001), the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (2008085MA26), Anhui project (Z010118169), the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) (HIR2021PY007), and the project of Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy conducted in Chinese Academy of Sciences

Abstract

This study explores the ground-state characteristics of neutron-rich sodium isotopes, encompassing two-neutron separation energies, root-mean-square radii, quadrupole moments of proton and neutron distributions, single-particle levels of bound and resonant states, and neutron density distributions and shapes. Simultaneously, special attention is paid to the distinctive physical phenomena associated with these isotopes. The deformed relativistic mean field theory in complex momentum representations with BCS pairings (DRMF-CMR-BCS) employed in our research provides resonant states with real physics, offering insights into deformed halo nuclei. Four effective interactions (NL3, NL3*, PK1, and NLSH) were considered to assess the influence of continuum and deformation effects on halo structures. Calculations for odd-even nuclei 35–43Na revealed the dependence on the chosen effective interaction and number of considered resonant states. Neutron occupation patterns near the Fermi surface, particularly in orbitals and , were determined to be crucial in halo formation. The study provided detailed insights into the density distributions, shape evolution, and structure of neutron-rich sodium isotopes, contributing valuably to the field of nuclear physics.