Exploration of Mechanical and Electromyographic Responses of Trunk Muscles to High-Intensity Resistive Exercise

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to determine the effects of high intensity exercise on fatigue of the trunk muscles within a test session, and on multiple kinetic and electromyographic (EMG) variables over a 6-week training period. Fourty-five normal men and women (20-40 years of age) completed the study. The KIN/COM trunk testing unit (Chattecx Corporation, Chattanooga, Tennessee) was used for both testing and training. The results of the study follow: 1) The KIN/COM trunk testing system was very accurate, and the method used was highly reproducible for the kinetic variables. Reproducibility for the endurance variables was mixed, and isolated EMG variables were poor. 2) Kinetic and EMG decrements associated with fatigue did occur in the trunk muscles with ten continuous cycles of maximal concentric and eccentric contractions. 3) Trunk muscle strength gains were highest for the same mode of exercise used in training (specificity), but significant strength gains also were seen in different modes of muscle contraction (transfer of training). For the trunk extensors, the eccentric form of exercise was superior. 4) The rate of isometric torque development and decay was increased by exercise in men. 5) Trunk muscle endurance was retained when gains in strength occurred. 6) The majority of variables reflecting strength and endurance were retained. The methods and results can serve as guidelines for the evaluation of trunk muscle function and resistive exercise in the clinic.