Abstract
<p class="IsiAbstrakIndo"><span lang="EN-GB">Mango fruit (</span><em><span lang="EN-GB">Mangifera indica L.</span></em><span lang="EN-GB">) is the tropical fruit that grows easily in Indonesia with plenty varieties. This study aimed to determine the varieties of mango fruit and the most potent part of mango as antidiabetic agent through </span><span lang="EN-GB">α</span><span lang="EN-GB">-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Four types of mango fruit (</span><em><span lang="EN-GB">indramayu, manalagi, harum manis</span></em><span lang="EN-GB">, and </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">budiraja</span></em><span lang="EN-GB">) were used in this study. Each part of the mango fruit:peel, flesh, endosperm, and endocarp were extracted by maceration process with three different solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and ethanol (EtOH)). An ability of all 46 extracts in inhibiting the </span><span lang="EN-GB">α</span><span lang="EN-GB">-glucosidase at a concentration of 500 ppm were determined. Then 11 extracts with the high inhibition value were determined their IC50 (concentration to inhibit 50% activity) values. EtOAc extract of </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">manalagi</span></em><span lang="EN-GB">, </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">indramayu</span></em><span lang="EN-GB">, and </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">budi raja</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> endosperm had the lowest IC50 value which was not statistically significantly different (at 95%) with EtOAc extract of </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">budi raja</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> peel. The bioautographic Thin Layer Chromatogram showed that the most active band is characterized by white luminescence under UV 366 nm, yellow color under UV 254 and visible light. The band with Rf 0.93 from EtOAc endosperm extract of </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">indramayu</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> and </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">manalagi</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> and Rf 0.73 from EtOAc </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">budi raja</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> peel extract are the most active band which predicted as a flavonoid. The result adds the value of the peel and seed of mango, as well as an alternative in blood sugar control, which is easy to obtain, relatively cheap, and liked by the community. </span></p>
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the pancreas gland that can not produce enough insulin for the body or the condition when the body can not effectively use the insulin produced
Insulin plays a role in controlling blood sugar levels in the body
One way to reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus is to control blood sugar levels by inhibiting the enzyme α-glucosidase which acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of polysaccharides or disaccharides into glucose in the small intestine
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the pancreas gland that can not produce enough insulin for the body or the condition when the body can not effectively use the insulin produced. One way to reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus is to control blood sugar levels by inhibiting the enzyme α-glucosidase which acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of polysaccharides or disaccharides into glucose in the small intestine. Inhibition of this enzyme can inhibit the absorption of glucose in the blood (Cheng & Josse, 2004). Mangiferin has antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory and antiviral effects (Guha et al, 1996; Lai et al, 2003; Sarkar et al, 2004; Dar et al, 2005; Carvalho et al, 2009; Noratto et al, 2010; Hiraganahalli et al, 2012). Mangiferin exhibits antidiabetic properties (Muruganandan et al, 2005, Daud et al, 2010; Kumar et al, 2013)
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