Exploration of Industrial, Traditional, and Pharmaceutical Applications of Diversity Rich Genus Trigonella: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The Trigonella genus, encompassing Trigonella foenum gracum L. and other species, exhibits annual growth patterns and thrives in arid and semiarid environments worldwide. India stands at the forefront of Trigonella diversity, showcasing its adaptability to challenging climatic conditions. This meticulous review consolidates existing scientific literature to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the Trigonella genus, emphasizing its nutritional value, traditional uses, and therapeutic applications. Particularly, its significance in traditional medicine systems such as Indian Ayurveda, Tibetan, and Chinese medicine is highlighted, shedding light on its profound cultural and medicinal implications. Morphological distinctions, etymology, vernacularity, and habitat preferences specific to the Trigonella genus are also discussed. Additionally, this study explores the economic potential of Trigonella, underscoring its pivotal role in ensuring food security and healthcare within local communities. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of safeguarding traditional healthcare practices and fostering biodiversity conservation efforts by examining the traditional knowledge and utilization of endemic plants worldwide. By offering insights into the diverse species within the Trigonella genus, their cultural significance, and medicinal potential, this review significantly contributes to our comprehension of these invaluable resources and their far-reaching implications for human well-being.