Exploration of Brain Connectivity during Human Inhibitory Control Using Inter-Trial Coherence.

Rupesh Kumar Chikara,Wei-Cheng Lo,Li-Wei Ko

doi:10.3390/s20061722

Rupesh Kumar Chikara, Wei-Cheng Lo + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/s20061722

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Abstract

Inhibitory control is a cognitive process that inhibits a response. It is used in everyday activities, such as driving a motorcycle, driving a car and playing a game. The effect of this process can be compared to the red traffic light in the real world. In this study, we investigated brain connectivity under human inhibitory control using the phase lag index and inter-trial coherence (ITC). The human brain connectivity gives a more accurate representation of the functional neural network. Results of electroencephalography (EEG), the data sets were generated from twelve healthy subjects during left and right hand inhibitions using the auditory stop-signal task, showed that the inter-trial coherence in delta (1–4 Hz) and theta (4–7 Hz) band powers increased over the frontal and temporal lobe of the brain. These EEG delta and theta band activities neural markers have been related to human inhibition in the frontal lobe. In addition, inter-trial coherence in the delta-theta and alpha (8–12 Hz) band powers increased at the occipital lobe through visual stimulation. Moreover, the highest brain connectivity was observed under inhibitory control in the frontal lobe between F3-F4 channels compared to temporal and occipital lobes. The greater EEG coherence and phase lag index in the frontal lobe is associated with the human response inhibition. These findings revealed new insights to understand the neural network of brain connectivity and underlying mechanisms during human response inhibition.

Highlights

The ability to suppress an ongoing motor action is known as inhibitory control or response inhibition
To the left side of each inter-trial coherence (ITC) plot is a panel with a blue signal that shows the average power of ITC at each side of each ITC plot is a panel with a blue signal that shows the average power of ITC at each frequency
Neural signatures related to human inhibitory control were examined in the frontal cortex and temporal lobe of the brain

Summary

Introduction

The ability to suppress an ongoing motor action is known as inhibitory control or response inhibition. It is necessary for the control of executive function of the brain. Inhibitory control is investigated using the stop-signal task or go/no-go task in the laboratory scale. We utilized auditory stop-signal task to examine the visual and auditory sensory pathways under the inhibitory control of different hands. Visual and auditory stimuli are used in real environment [1] and we investigated the neural activities of visual and auditory stimuli in the brain during inhibition. In the real-world, we receive many inputs simultaneously from several sensory systems, like visual and auditory stimuli. The process of auditory stimulation is generated in the temporal lobe of the central nervous system, in the primary auditory cortex [2] and the process of visual stimulation occurred in the occipital lobe of the central nervous system, in the primary visual cortex [3]

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