Abstract
The endothelium plays a central role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis through the expression of numerous receptors or adhesion molecules on the cell membrane, as well as through the synthesis and release of various vasoactive substances. The evaluation of endothelial integrity is based in particular on the quantification of circulating factors synthesized by endothelial cells or regulating their activity, notably those involved in the control of vasomotor tone, coagulation and fibrinolysis processes and inflammation phenomena. The methods of analysis are generally enzyme immunoassays or by mass spectrometry and are carried out on blood or urine samples allowing a non-invasive systemic evaluation of endothelial function. The use of these biomarkers is therefore particularly suitable for clinical studies carried out on large numbers of subjects, particularly during multi-centre intervention trials.
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