Exploration and Outlook of Recent Applications of Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Breast cancer, as the most common malignancy in women worldwide, compels enormous efforts in therapeutic research. Paclitaxel, a microtubule stabiliser, has shown its versatility and efficacy in treating various breast cancer subtypes. However, its use is often associated with dose-dependent toxicity and tumour cell resistance. Recent advances in nanotechnology have opened new avenues for delivering paclitaxel, offering potential solutions to these problems. This study aims to summarise paclitaxel's latest applications and prospects in breast cancer treatment, focusing on nanoformulations. The research methods include reviewing and analyzing the latest data from preclinical testing of nano-paclitaxel formulations and their evaluation in clinical practice. In addition, paclitaxel's mechanism of action, clinical application, main side effects, and development of its nano-formulations are also extensively discussed. This paper thoroughly summarises the present condition and prospects of using paclitaxel for treating breast cancer, especially nanoformulations. It also highlights the need for continued research and development to improve the efficacy of paclitaxel and reduce its consequences to serve breast cancer patients better.