Exploration & Outcomes of Emergency Use Authorization during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Abstract

Abstract: The COVID-19 emergency built pressure on US regulatory bodies to unlock the optional and short pathway of approval for urgently required pharmaceuticals to accomplish population demand for medicinal products within the shortest possible time to limit the suffering and deaths associated with insufficiency of medicinal products in need. During the pandemic, many medicinal products got emergency use authorization (EUA) according to the EUA guidelines provided by the US Food Drug Administration (USFDA). The requirement of abbreviated data submission for EUA attracted many pharmaceutical companies to launch their products as investigational drugs. Clinical data collected from the population is also permitted to get final approval. Comirnaty and Remdesivir got full approval using this regulatory tool. EUA does not ensure the existence of the medicinal product for an extended period. Whenever the emergency is over or the products are no longer needed, the USFDA revokes those according to their legislation. However, after Hydroxychloroquine phosphate and chloroquine sulfate were revoked due to failure to show efficacy, it grabbed the attention of many healthcare stakeholders in the country. It demanded more transparency in the approval pathway of present EUA guidelines. Two attributes, i.e., Current Good Manufacturing Practice exemption and expiry date extension, affect the quality of the medicinal products used during the pandemic. The most critical product distribution data, voluntary in EUA, remarkably endorse the black-marketing and shortage of specific COVID-19-related medicinal products in the pandemic situation. Amendments to the existing guidelines minimize the upcoming public health risk.