Abstract
Background and objectiveThe constituents of sweet lemon essential oil (EO) have different biological and medical properties. The exploitation of sweet lemon residues in the production of EO is an important means of increasing natural products and disposing of those residues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the EO extracted from various sweet lemon residues such as leaves, flowers, and peels of fruits to find out their content of active substances.Materials and methodsThe EO of different residues of sweet lemon was isolated by hydrodistillation (HD) method, then they were analyzed by GC/MS. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA-1.ResultsThe content of EO (%) was higher in peels than in flowers or leaves. Citronellal, nerol, and limonene were the major constituents of EO extracted from leaves, flowers, and peels, respectively. All detected components of various oils belonged to four chemical fractions (monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH), oxygenated monoterpenes (OM), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (SH), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OS)). The MH was the major faction of peel EO while the OM was the major fraction of leaf and flower EOs. The SH and OS were formed as the minor fractions in all EOs.ConclusionDifferent variations were observed in sweet lemon EO extracted from various residues which lead to diversity in natural sources of EO production.
Highlights
Background and objectiveThe constituents of sweet lemon essential oil (EO) have different biological and medical properties
Different variations were observed in sweet lemon EO extracted from various residues which lead to diversity in natural sources of EO production
Just one literature was carried out in México to isolate and characterize the constituents of sweet lemon EO that was isolated from peels and leaves (Pino et al 2010); this study reported that different variations were observed in the chemical constituents due to the differences in plant organs, and the major component of peel EO was limonene while the main constituents of leaf EO were limonene, citronellal, and linalool
Summary
The constituents of sweet lemon essential oil (EO) have different biological and medical properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the EO extracted from various sweet lemon residues such as leaves, flowers, and peels of fruits to find out their content of active substances. Essential oils are secondary metabolites formed in aromatic plants. They are volatile, terpenoids, and usually isolated by distillation methods. The residues of different organs of citrus tree such as peels, leaves, and flowers that are produced after juice extraction, pruning of branches and change to precipitation flowers are very important sources of EO (Viuda-Martos et al 2009), as well as citrus residues which.
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