Exploitation of submarine springs in Lebanon: assessment of potential

Abstract

Research Article| February 01 2002 Exploitation of submarine springs in Lebanon: assessment of potential G. Ayoub; G. Ayoub 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. Khoury; R. Khoury 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Ghannam; J. Ghannam 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A. Acra; A. Acra 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar B. Hamdar B. Hamdar 2Department of Agricultural Economics and Development, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2002) 51 (1): 47–64. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2002.0005 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation G. Ayoub, R. Khoury, J. Ghannam, A. Acra, B. Hamdar; Exploitation of submarine springs in Lebanon: assessment of potential. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 February 2002; 51 (1): 47–64. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2002.0005 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex The extreme shortage of public water supplies in most countries of the Middle East has steadily commanded a great political importance. Regional disputes over the riparian rights relevant to the transboundary surface and groundwater resources are imminent. Therefore, it is opportune to plan for feasible, affordable, and sustainable measures such as conservation, wastewater reclamation, artificial recharge, and particularly utilization of deep groundwater and submarine springs. Chekka Bay, in the north of Lebanon, is well known for its freshwater springs. A general objective of the study was set at evaluating the feasibility of exploiting the submarine springs in the Chekka Bay taking into consideration the technical, economic, social and environmental aspects of such a project. The study has been subdivided into three parts, namely hydrogeological, marine and socio-economic. Off-shore exploitation of the submarine springs could face implementation problems as it is technically difficult, financially expensive, and yields a qualitatively unacceptable water. A more suitable alternative would be to tap the submarine springs inland through wells of differing depths. The financial feasibility of the latter alternative has been confirmed through a cost-benefit analysis. Chekka Bay, exploitation, feasibility, submarine springs, water source This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 2002 You do not currently have access to this content.