Exploitation Characteristics of the Constructions of Transport Buildings and Structures Under Dynamic Loads

Abstract

The simplified method for solving the problem of oscillations of the bearing and enclosing constructions of buildings and structures under the action of vibrations propagating in ground bases during the movement of railway transport is theoretically justified. The proposed method is based on the division of the structural scheme into separate rod constructions, the calculation of which is carried out sequentially on the dynamic deviations of their supports. Vibration process excited in the grounds during the movement of transport leads to dynamic vibrations of the constructions of buildings located near transport communications, which leads to additional dynamic loading in these structures. Decrease in operational characteristics of structures is expressed in cracking and local destruction. A computational model for estimating these effects is proposed as follows: source of dynamic load (moving railway transport), load transfer medium (soil), building structure (impact receiver). When forming the design schemes, the simplifying assumption about the discretization of the design scheme based on the d’Alembert’s principle is taken into account. The solution of the equations of motion is represented in the form of expansion in its own forms of vibrations. Some simplifications of the computational model have been substantiated, which allows obtaining numerical results for practical use. The presented calculation of building constructions for dynamic displacements of supports caused by dynamic impacts from traffic is a theoretical basis for taking into account such effects in the design and construction.