Explicit multiplicative relations between Gauss sums

Abstract

H. Hasse conjectured that all multiplicative relations between Gauss sums essentially follow from the Davenport–Hasse product formula and the norm relation for Gauss sums. While this is known to be false, very few counterexamples, now known as sign ambiguities, have been given. Here, we provide an explicit product formula giving an infinite class of new sign ambiguities and resolve the ambiguous sign in terms of the order of the ideal class of quadratic primes.