Abstract
This paper presents explicit expressions of the linear and geometric stiffness matrix, as well as the mass matrix and vector of equivalent nodal forces for a simple planar beam finite element based on the Refined Zigzag Theory. After a brief review of the theory, the matrices are derived via Hamilton’s principle and special anisoparametric (interdependent) shape functions. The \(C^{0}\)-continuous element shows remarkable accuracy in the analysis of composite laminated or sandwich beams and for particular structures with partial interaction of two or more subcomponents with interlayer slip.
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