Abstract
Many explanatory item response theory (IRT) models have been developed since Fischer’s (Acta Psychologica 37:359–374, 1973) linear logistic test model was published. However, despite their applicability to typical test data, actual impact on test development and validation has been limited. The purpose of this chapter is to explicate the importance of explanatory IRT models in the context of a framework that interrelates the five aspects of validity (Embretson in Educ Meas Issues Pract 35, 6–22, 2016). In this framework, the response processes aspect of validity impacts other aspects. Studies on a fluid intelligence test are presented to illustrate the relevancy of explanatory IRT models to validity, as well as to test development.
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