Abstract
This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms associated with signs and symptoms of tooth eruption, by investigating the presence of mast cells in pericoronal tissues during the intraosseous (Group 1) and submucosal (Group 2) phases of eruption. We compared findings for these two groups with each other and with those for the oral mucosa (Group 3). In each group, 14 specimens were analyzed microscopically after hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis of c-Kit and tryptase expression. Results revealed that the number and density of mast cells is different in follicular tissues according to the eruption phase, which may mean that: 1) masticatory trauma of the oral mucosa and dental follicles in the submucosa may explain why reduced enamel epithelium exposes enamel to the cells of the connective tissue; 2) exposure of antigenic enamel proteins might correspond to the release of sequestered antigens, which may lead to the interaction of IgE and a greater number of mast cells in the region; and 3) the consequent degranulation and the local release of mediators, such as histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, proteases, cytokines and growth factors, contribute to the understanding of signs and symptoms associated with tooth eruption.
Highlights
Tooth eruption may be divided into three phases according to bony crypt movements: 1) pre-eruptive; 2) eruptive, or pre-functional; and 3) post-eruptive, or functional.[1]Fully formed enamel is covered with reduced enamel epithelium
Masticatory trauma of oral mucosa and dental follicles in the submucosa may explain why reduced enamel epithelium exposes enamel to the cells of the Exposure of antigenic enamel proteins might correspond to the release of sequestered antigens.[13]
The results of this study suggest that: 1. The amount/density of mast cell is different in follicular tissues according the eruption phase
Summary
Tooth eruption may be divided into three phases according to bony crypt movements: 1) pre-eruptive; 2) eruptive, or pre-functional; and 3) post-eruptive, or functional.[1]Fully formed enamel is covered with reduced enamel epithelium. Dental follicles have a high concentration of chemical mediators of osteoclasis,[3-6] such as: a) Prostaglandins; b) Epidermal growth factor (EGF); c) Interleukin-1 (IL-1); d) Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4); e) Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1); f) Transforming growth factor (TGF-β). They act as a cascade of molecular signs, beginning with EGF or TGF-β1, which increases the genic expression of IL-1α in the stellate reticulum. Other signs and symptoms believed to be associated with this phase of eruption are irritability, sleep disruption, gingival inflammation, salivation, diminished appetite, diarrhea, intraoral ulcers, temperature increase, need to bite objects, itching and earache.[8]. Pierce et al.[10] conducted an experimental study using a murine model and immunohistochemistry, and found IgE in the follicular tissues during the enamel maturation phase, which suggests that it is a consequence of exposure of enamel matrix proteins to immunocompetent cells in the extrafollicular connective tissue
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