Abstract
The possible holographic origin of dark energy is investigated. The main existing explanations, namely the UV/IR connection argument of Cohen et al., Thomas’ bulk holography argument, and Ng’s spacetime foam argument, are shown to be not wholly satisfactory. A new explanation is then proposed based on the ideas of Thomas and Ng. It is suggested that dark energy originates from the quantum fluctuations of spacetime limited by the event horizon of the universe. Several potential problems of the explanation are also discussed.
Highlights
Understanding the origin of dark energy is one of the most important quests in modern cosmology and fundamental physics
A concrete calculation will show that the method gives more vacuum energy than the observed dark energy. It seems that the bulk holography argument cannot provide a plausible explanation of the holographic dark energy (HDE) model either
It is widely thought that the dark energy in the HDE model comes from the quantum zero-point energy predicted by an effective quantum field theory (QFT) with the UV/IR connection suggested by Cohen et al it has been pointed out by Horvat that such a theory cannot consistently describe all epochs of the universe
Summary
Understanding the origin of dark energy is one of the most important quests in modern cosmology and fundamental physics. The theory cannot describe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation because the current temperature of the universe is T0 ~ 10 4 eV eV [11] This inconsistency shows that the UV/IR connection argument based on Equation (3) may have serious drawbacks when being used to explain the dark energy of the universe, and the dark energy may not originate from the quantum zero-point energy predicted by an effective QFT. They may not exist in a fundamental theory (see, e.g., [19,20]) To sum up, it seems that the dark energy of the universe cannot be accounted for by the quantum zero-point energy predicted by an effective QFT satisfying the UV/IR connection denoted by Equation (3). The popular interpretation of the HDE model, i.e., that HDE comes from the quantum zero-point energy predicted by an effective QFT, is probably wrong
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