Abstract
This article demonstrates that features identified in the classic expertise literature are shared by experts in the domain of social cognition. Clinical novices and experts were presented with multiple observations of children's behaviors and the situations in which they occurred. Three types of target personalities were created: a prototypical aggressive target whose behavior patterns corresponded to those displayed by actual aggressive children in natural social situations; an inverse target whose behaviors systematically violated those of the aggressive target; and a random target whose behaviors did not vary systematically across situations. Performances of experts and novices were examined in recall, prediction, and impression formation tasks. Experts and novices did not differ in recall as measured by a free recall task, but the experts' predictions of targets' behaviors were more closely tied to actual behavior than novices' predictions for both the aggressive and inverse targets. As predicted, the...
Published Version
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