Abstract
Abstract Urban flooding is one of the major issues in many parts of the world, and its management is often challenging. One of the challenges highlighted by the hydrology and related communities is the need for more open data and monitoring of floods in space and time. In this paper, we present the development phases and experiments of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based wireless sensor network for hydrometeorological data collection and flood monitoring for the urban area of Colima-Villa de Álvarez in Mexico. The network is designed to collect fluvial water level, soil moisture and weather parameters that are transferred to the server and to a web application in real-time using IoT Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol over 3G and Wi-Fi networks. The network is tested during three different events of tropical storms that occurred over the area of Colima during the 2019 tropical cyclones season. The results show the ability of the smart water network to collect real-time hydrometeorological information during extreme events associated with tropical storms. The technology used for data transmission and acquisition made it possible to collect information at critical times for the city. Additionally, the data collected provided essential information for implementing and calibrating hydrological models and hydraulic models to generate flood inundation maps and identify critical infrastructure.
Highlights
Recent developments of digital cities as the exploration of cyberspace to smart cities as the exploitation of the physical space resulted in proposing that the stage is a networked society based on cyber-physical systems (Ishida )
Smart digital infrastructure to monitor and forecast flood events is critical for improving the resilience of urban areas to hazards such as those related to flooding
This research identified populated low resilience zones that can be considered a priority for resources and effort to mitigate floods and their impacts. These results demonstrated the need to implement strategies that strengthen the community capacity to cope with the effects of extreme hydrometeorological phenomena in Colima-Villa de Álvarez
Summary
Recent developments of digital cities as the exploration of cyberspace to smart cities as the exploitation of the physical space resulted in proposing that the stage is a networked society based on cyber-physical systems (Ishida ). Using multiple sensors, water systems and related infrastructure can be controlled in real-time and data can be continuously integrated into models Such pairing of the virtual and physical components of the water systems will be an important tool in applications such as urban flood management, which is one of the main challenges facing urban areas (Bachmann et al ; Lund et al ). Smart digital infrastructure to monitor and forecast flood events is critical for improving the resilience of urban areas to hazards such as those related to flooding
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