Abstract
Capillary chromatography using an untreated open tubular capillary tube and a ternary solvent mixture consisting of water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent as a carrier solution has been developed. The system is called tube radical distribution chromatography (TRDC). Separation performance of the TRDC system using a fused-silica capillary tube was examined through the phase diagram for the ternary water-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate solvent mixture. The TRDC system required homogeneous carrier solutions with solvent component ratios around the boundary curve between homogeneous and heterogeneous solution in the phase diagram. The data obtained using the fused-silica capillary tube were compared with those obtained using a polytetrafluoroethylene capillary tube in our previous study.
Highlights
Capillary tubes with inner diameters less than several hundred micrometers that provide micro-flow are known to exhibit interesting and useful physical or hydrodynamic phenomena, such as electro-osmotic flow and laminar flow
When the ternary mixed solvents of water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent mixtures are delivered into a micro-space, such as a micro-channel or a capillary tube under laminar flow conditions, the solvent molecules are radially distributed in the micro-space, generating inner and outer phases
As characteristic separation behavior of the tube radical distribution chromatography (TRDC) system using the PTFE capillary tube, we reported previously that a water-rich carrier solution elutes the more hydrophilic analyte first and an organic solvent-rich carrier solution elutes the more hydrophobic analyte first [7]
Summary
Capillary tubes with inner diameters less than several hundred micrometers that provide micro-flow are known to exhibit interesting and useful physical or hydrodynamic phenomena, such as electro-osmotic flow and laminar flow. The electro-osmotic flow in a capillary tube promotes capillary electrophoresis [1,2] and capillary electrochromatography [3], while laminar flow conditions enable hydrodynamic chromatography [4,5]. When the ternary mixed solvents of water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent mixtures are delivered into a micro-space, such as a micro-channel or a capillary tube under laminar flow conditions, the solvent molecules are radially distributed in the micro-space, generating inner and outer phases. The TRDP creates a phase interface or kinetic aqueous-organic interface in the micro-space. In a water-rich solution we would observe a water-rich major inner phase and or-
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