Experimentally modified Fontan circulation in an adolescent pig model without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract

SummaryBackgroundThe feasibility and the hemodynamic outcome of Fontan circulation, without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, were studied on a beating heart of an adolescent pig model, using a modified total cavopulmonary connection.Material/MethodsEight open-chest anesthetized pigs underwent a successful total cavopulmonary connection with the use of an appropriate Y-shaped Dacron-type conduit. Through a median sternotomy, the distal part of the superior vena cava was anastomosed end-to-end to one side of the conduit. The other side of the graft was anastomosed end-to-side to the main pulmonary artery. The conduit was tailored to an appropriate length and anastomosed end-to-end to the inferior vena cava. The hemodynamic status of the animals was recorded before and after the establishment of the total cavopulmonary connection.ResultsForty-five minutes after completion of total cavopulmonary connection, and for a total of 1 hour, hemodynamic measurements showed a decrease in mean arterial and mean pulmonary artery pressures, heart rate and cardiac output. The inferior vena caval pressure and total pulmonary vascular resistance were increased.ConclusionsA total cavopulmonary connection, performed on a beating heart, without extracorporeal circulation or other means of temporary bypass, although it is technically demanding, is feasible.