Experimentally Finding Dense Subgraphs Using a Time-Bin Encoded Gaussian Boson Sampling Device

Abstract

Gaussian boson sampling is a quantum computing concept based on drawing samples from a multimode nonclassical Gaussian state using photon-number resolving detectors. It was initially posed as a near-term approach to achieve quantum advantage, and several applications have been proposed since, including the calculation of graph features. For the first time, we use a time-bin encoded interferometer to implement Gaussian boson sampling experimentally and extract samples to enhance the search for dense subgraphs in a graph. Our results indicate an improvement over classical methods for subgraphs of sizes three and four in a graph containing ten nodes. In addition, we numerically explore the role of imperfections in the optical circuit and on the performance of the algorithm.2 MoreReceived 21 June 2022Revised 26 August 2022Accepted 29 August 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.12.031045Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasBoson samplingOptical quantum information processingQuantum information processing with continuous variablesQuantum simulationQuantum Information