Abstract
The waveguide is an indispensable transmission line for signal processing in high-frequency electronics, such as 5G wireless communication systems in the millimeter-wave region, with the merits of low loss and low crosstalk. It is quite challenging to integrate lumped components ($e.g.$ inductors, capacitors, and resistors) directly inside a waveguide. Inspired by the physics of optical lumped nanocircuits, the authors design a subwavelength-sized integrated circuit residing completely inside a waveguide, using the concept of waveguide metamaterials. Classical circuit theory for low frequencies or dc can be transferred to much higher frequencies, with simple design rules.
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