Experimental verification of cluster analysis to identify valuable breeding samples of spring wheat

Abstract

The article provides experimental data on the study of breeding material of spring wheat, spelt and lines of interspecific hybrids. On the basis of structural and cluster analyzes, the morphological similarity of the new breeding lines of interspecific hybrids (Triticum durum x Triticum dicoccum) with spring durum wheat varieties and their significant difference from the Runo spelt variety were revealed. Cluster analysis by indicators of structural analysis in 2018-2019 of varieties, breeding lines and interspecific hybrids made it possible to form 7 clusters. Cluster No. 1 deserves attention, in which the high-yielding variety Triada and the hybrid Hordeiform 1461-15, obtained as a result of interspecific hybridization, are grouped (Triticum durum x Triticum dicoccum). The short-stemmed (76 cm) line leukurum 1560-18, allocated in a separate cluster, has a well-grained ear, the most resistant to lodging. Cluster analysis of grain quality made it possible to identify varieties and lines that ensure the collection of protein above the standard varieties of soft wheat Daria, Granny. A new valuable source material with a complex of positive traits for breeding for high productivity was revealed (varieties Triada, Donskaya elegy, hybrid Hordeiform 1461-15). Yield of the Triada variety in 2020 was 5.3 t/ha, of the Donskaya elegy 4.36 t/ha, of interspecific hybrid No. 1461-15 - 4.27 t/ha with LSD05 = 0.4 t/ha, which is significantly higher indicators of other varieties and lines.