Abstract
Hydrostatic transmissions are commonly used in heavy-duty equipment for their design flexibility and superior power density. Compared to a conventional wind turbine transmission, a hydrostatic transmission (HST) is a lighter, more reliable, cheaper, continuously variable alternative for a wind turbine. In this paper, for the first time, a validated dynamical model and controlled experiment have been used to analyze the performance of a hydrostatic transmission with a fixed-displacement pump and a variable-displacement motor for community wind turbines. From the dynamics of the HST, a pressure control strategy is designed to maximize the power capture. A hardware-in-the-loop simulation is developed to experimentally validate the performance and efficiency of the HST drive train control in a 60 kW virtual wind turbine environment. The HST turbine is extensively evaluated under steady and time-varying wind on a state-of-the-art power regenerative hydrostatic dynamometer. The proposed controller tracks the optimal tip-speed ratio to maximize power capture.
Highlights
The demand for renewable energy is increasing exponentially due to global efforts to decelerate climate change
We suggest that understanding the dynamics and performance of the hydrostatic transmission (HST) under varying wind conditions is critical to improving the performance of the components, fluids, and HST
The dynamic behavior of the HST wind turbine is measured under three distinct wind conditions
Summary
The demand for renewable energy is increasing exponentially due to global efforts to decelerate climate change. Wind energy is the fastest-growing renewable source. The worldwide installed wind capacity reached 744 GW by 2020 [1]. Utility-scale turbines, greater than 1 MW, are being widely used to harness wind energy. These turbines are installed far from urban areas increasing the cost of electric power transmission. On the other hand, distributed turbines (less than 1 MW), can be installed near farms, homes, public facilities, and businesses, making the distributed grid more reliable and stable [2]
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