Abstract
A historical outline of two-photon spectroscopy traces the different motivations for this kind of nonlinear optical experiment. Different selection rules as compared to linear optical effects (one-photon absorption), the possibility of spectroscopy in omega -K space and Doppler-free absorption in gases open up a wide field of useful applications of this technique. A rough estimate of the expected magnitude of the two-photon absorption constant clearly indicates the sort of experimental equipment necessary. Detailed descriptions of a single-beam and a dual-beam set-up follow. Finally a short description of an indirect method, namely the detection of two-photon absorption by subsequent luminescence, and some remarks on future developments are presented.
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