Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a new process technology using the cavitation phenomenon, mainly a water‐jet shock microforming, for the fabrication of a metallic foil. 304 stainless steel was exposed to a high‐speed submerged water jet with different incident pressures and certain working conditions. In this experiment, a KEYENCE VHX‐1000C digital microscope, confocal laser‐scanning microscope (Axio CSM 700), and micro‐Vickers hardness tester were utilized to observe the forming depth, surface quality, thickness distribution, and section hardness distributions under different incident pressures. The experimental results indicated that the surface morphology of the metal foils attained good geometrical features under this dynamic microforming method and there were no cracks or fracture. The forming depth and surface roughness increased with the incident pressure. In addition, the forming depth increased from 124.7 μm to 327.8 μm, while the surface roughness also increased from 0.685 μm to 1.159 μm at an incident pressure of 8 MPa to 20 MPa. Maximum thickness thinning of the formed foils occurred at the fillet region when the thickness thinning ratio was 21.27% under the incident pressure of 20 MPa, and there was no fracture at the bottom or the fillet region. The tested hardness indicated that during the cold‐rolled state of the sample, the hardness sample increased slightly along the cross section of the formed region and the hardness of the annealed 304 stainless steel foils increased significantly along the cross‐sectional region.
Highlights
Materials and MethodsIncident pressure is one of the key parameters in the process of water-jet cavitation shock microforming
James Kwasi Quaisie,1 Wang Yun,1 Xu Zhenying,1 Yu Chao,1 Fuzhu Li,1 Philip Baidoo,2 Joseph Sekyi-Ansah,1 and Emmanuel Asamoah1
Cold-rolled 304 stainless steel foils were selected as the experimental material because of their perfection mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. us, the thickness of the 304 stainless steel foils was 100 μm which were cut into squares of dimensions of 50 mm × 50 mm for the possibility of this experiment. e cut foil squares were cleaned from dirt with anhydrous alcohol. en, the surfaces of the 304 stainless steel foil squares were wiped off by the residual liquid. e mask was placed on the material and firmly clamped against the material with a locking block
Summary
Incident pressure is one of the key parameters in the process of water-jet cavitation shock microforming. In order to provide an effective sealing, a seal ring was applied between the mask and the foil During this process cavitation bubbles are generated by injecting a highspeed water jet through a nozzle into a chamber filled with water. E forming properties of the metal foils were characterized after the water-jet cavitation shock microforming experiment. A confocal laser-scanning microscope (Axio CSM 700) was utilized to observe the surface morphology and roughness. e deformation region of the section hardness distributions of formed components was measured by the micro-Vickers hardness tester
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