Experimental study on water flooding mechanism in low permeability oil reservoirs based on nuclear magnetic resonance technology

Abstract

Low permeability oil reservoirs are characterized by complex pore-throat structure and complex mechanism of oil and water storage and transmission. At present, the research on cross-scale characteristics of pore-throat structure in low permeability reservoirs needs to be strengthened, and the research on oil-water evolution characteristics needs to be improved. In this paper, based on NMR method, different “porosity-permeability-original oil saturation” coupling evaluation systems are constructed, the study on oil and water distribution characteristics at different water flooding stages has been carried out, and the distribution mechanism of residual oil in pores with different sizes is analyzed. It is found out that: (a) the higher the core permeability, the lower the displacement pressure; the lower the core permeability, the higher the displacement pressure. (b) The T2 spectrum shows that micropores, mesopores and macropores in core samples are well developed. (c) The morphology of T2 spectrum can be divided into three types: high right peak and low left peak, high left peak and low right peak, and basically equal left and right peaks. In addition, under saturated oil conditions, medium and large pores are the main oil storage spaces. (d) There are three factors affecting the water flooding efficiency: the influence of micro-fractures, the influence of pore-throat heterogeneity and the influence of the degree of producing pore-throat.