Abstract
Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) has become an important issue due to its significant ecological pollution. In this paper, phytoremediation technology and mechanism for AMD were investigated by hydroponic experiments, using six wetland plants (Phragmites australis, Typha orientalis, Cyperus glomeratus, Scirpus validus, Iris wilsonii, Juncus effusus) as research objects. The results showed that (1) the removal of sulfate from AMD was highest for Juncus effusus (66.78%) and Iris wilsonii (40.74%) and the removal of Mn from AMD was highest for Typha orientalis (>99%) and Phragmites australis (>99%). In addition, considering the growth condition of the plants, Juncus effusus, Iris wilsonii, and Phragmites australis were finally selected as the dominant plants for the treatment of AMD. (2) The removal pathway of pollutants in AMD included two aspects: one part was absorbed by plants, and the other part was removed through hydrolysis and precipitation processes. Our findings provide a theoretical reference for phytoremediation technology for AMD.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is formed when sulfide minerals are exposed to oxidizing conditions after mining and other excavation processes [1,2]
Since the constructed wetland investigated in this study was, the final step of the AMD treatment technology, and the first stage was via permeable reaction barriers (PRB) when Fe was well removed, while Mn, Zn, and Cd were not [21], Fe was not considered in this study
T. orientalis and S. validus was poor and both were infected with pests during the exAMD by C. glomeratus, S. validus and I. wilsonii were relatively low and decreased in the periment, which were found to be difficult to eradicate after many repellent measures
Summary
Academic Editor: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is formed when sulfide minerals are exposed to oxidizing conditions after mining and other excavation processes [1,2]. Previous studies have shown that AMD has become a long-term source of pollution, as it can continue to be generated for hundreds of years even after mining activities have ceased [8,9]. Various techniques which cut across physical, chemical, and biological processes have been used to remediate water, air, and soil contaminated by AMD. The use of constructed wetlands (CWs) for AMD treatment is a rapidly developing passive treatment technology that focuses mainly on metal and sulfate removal [12,13].
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