Experimental study on adipose tissue engineering with human adipose-derived stem cells and adipose tissue extracellular matrix scaffold

Abstract

Objective To explore the possibility of building tissue-engineered adipose tissue with human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and adipose tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold,and provide experimental basis for clinical application of tissue-engineered adipose tissue for the repair of soft tissue defects.Methods ADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue by liposuction with the method of enzymatic digestion.The cells were induced for three-line differentiation and marked with DiI.Human ECM was extracted from adipose tissue obtained by liposuction.The ECM was freeze-dried,sterilized and crushed to powders.The surface characteristics of ECM were observed under the electron microscopy in vitro.The ADSCs were adhered to ECM powers,and the feasibility of ECM powers as scaffold was explorted.Human ADSCs in a density of 2 × 109/L were collected,and mixed them with ECM powers.They were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice,and the opposite side of the same mice transplanted with scaffold only served as control group.There were 6 mice in total,and each side was transplanted by 0.5 ml.At 8th week post-transplantation,the mice were sacrificed and the implanted tissue were taken to record the wet weight,The hematoxylin and eosin (HE) sections and red oil O staining were detected.Two-sample test of SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical comparison between wet-determination.Results The ADSCs and human ECM powder were obtained successfully from adipose tissue.The ADSCs could differentiate into adipose cells,bone cells and chondrocytes.Scanning election microscopy (SEM) images showed that the powers had porous structure to which ADSCs could adhere easily,with the adhesion rate being (89.87 ±2.59)％.Eight weeks after transplantation,both experimental and control groups formed new tissues.There were significant differences between two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ) in the wet weight.HE and red oil O staining confirmed that the experimental group could form mature adipose tissue.Conclusion ADSCs and human ECM scaffold could form tissue-engineered adipose tissuein vivo.It can be used as an ideal method to construct tissue-engineered adipose tissue. Key words: Adipose-derived stem cells; Extracellular matrix; Scaffold; Tissue engineering