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Abstract
In this article, a pilot-scale latent heat storage system loaded with 5674.7 kg medium-temperature phase change material (PCM), having four groups of tubes embedded with various fins (longitudinal, H-shaped, spiral, and without fins), was designed and built. During the charging process, the smooth tube had the highest outlet temperature, followed by the tubes with longitudinal, H-shaped, and spiral fins, indicating that the spiral fins had the best heat transfer performance while the smooth's was the worst. The temperature difference in the vertical direction of the thermal energy storage unit was more significant than that in the horizontal direction. Besides, the thermal insulation performance test indicated that the temperature of PCM in the upper part decreased more slowly than that in the lower part due to the charging of the latent heat system being conducted from top to down. Moreover, after charging for 6.5 h, the accumulative energy and the mean power of the tubes with longitudinal, H-shaped, spiral, and without fins were 500.67, 541.57, 567.35, 432.56 MJ, 21.39, 23.14, 24.24, and 18.48 kW, respectively. The calculated charging efficiency of the latent heat storage system was 66.48%.
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