Experimental study of the pharmacological activity of new azaheterocycles derivatives: A literature review

Malika Khaiitova,Aida Seitaliyeva,Talgat Nurgozhin,Elmira Satbayeva,Daniya Serdalieva

doi:10.23950/jcmk/11680

Malika Khaiitova, Aida Seitaliyeva + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/11680

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Abstract

Diseases associated with the pathology of the cardiovascular system are one of the key causes of death all over the world. In particular, arrhythmia may entail the most severe complications, including unexpected death. With high-tech advances, antiarrhythmic drugs remain an integral part of both therapy and prevention. However, the existing arsenal of drugs often does not provide the necessary clinical effect, and therapy is associated with a high risk of severe adverse events. Another significant problem today is the administration of low-toxic drugs that provide effective anesthesia with a sufficient depth and duration of action. Currently, there is also the problem of the limited effectiveness of many drugs with antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory activity and action on the central nervous system. One of the solutions to address the existing problems in these areas is the search and study of compounds that may serve as a basis for the development of new drugs. Given the membrane-stabilizing action by influencing ion channels, new derivatives of azaheterocycles- compounds of piperidine and piperazine are of particular interest in these areas of medicine. According to domestic studies, new piperidine derivatives during screening and in-depth studies showed pronounced local anesthetic activity during infiltration and conduction anesthesia. The results of a number of studies confirm the presence of antiarrhythmic activity in piperidine derivatives. Experimental data on the synthesis and study of the pharmacological activity of new derivatives of piperidine and piperazine in world practice prove their promise for the creation of drugs in various fields of medicine in the future.

Highlights

Cardiac arrhythmia accounts for a significant proportion of cardiovascular diseases and result from numerous complications leading to disability and death all over the world
The membrane-stabilizing action of piperidine and piperazine derivatives, by influencing the ion channels, determines the presence of antiarrhythmic and local anesthetic effects, and other pharmacological effects, which is of the utmost interest and significance of their study
The chemical structure of piperidine and piperazine are versatile in the ability to bind to other molecular fragments and incorporate various substituents and radicals

Summary

Introduction

Cardiac arrhythmia accounts for a significant proportion of cardiovascular diseases and result from numerous complications leading to disability and death all over the world. With important technological advances in drug-free treatment, the administration of antiarrhythmic drugs remains an integral part of pharmacotherapy and prevention of arrhythmia. Many antiarrhythmics used in clinical practice have not been derived as a result of a systematic development process, taking into account the effect on specific targets and electrophysiological mechanisms of arrhythmia. The appointment of drugs available in the clinic is accompanied by toxic effects from the organs and arrhythmogenic action. A comprehensive study of the electrophysiological features of the rhythm disturbances and the discovery of new potential targets did not result in the development of drugs that were superior to the existing ones [1,2,3,4]

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