Abstract
The effect of the surfactant, NaOH, and polymer and the interactions between them on the heavy oil/water interface are unveiled by studying the dynamic interfacial tension (IFT), minimal transient IFT, and total organic carbon (TOC) and analyzing the phenomenon during the measurement of IFT of heavy oil/different alkaline systems, including alkaline (A), alkaline–surfactant (AS), alkaline–polymer (AP), and alkaline–surfactant–polymer (ASP). The results show that there exists a minimum transient IFT. There is an optimal composition to achieve the minimal IFT with varying NaOH concentrations in 0.018–0.8 wt %. For different chemical solutions, the optimal composition is different. Adding polymer affects the IFT by influencing the diffusion of species to or from the interface. Despite polymer addition, adding surfactant will increase the IFT at a lower alkaline concentration because of its competitive adsorption with OH– and reduce the IFT at a higher alkaline concentration because of its synergistic effect....
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