Abstract
Electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing has very promising applications due to its high printing resolution and material compatibility. It is necessary to know how to choose the printing parameters to get the right ejection volume. The previous scaling law of the ejection volume in e-jet printing borrows the scaling law of the ejection volume of an unstable isolated droplet charged to the Rayleigh limit. The influence of viscosity, applied voltage amplitude, and nozzle-to-substrate distance on the ejection volume in e-jet printing was not taken into account in the scaling law. This study investigated the influence of viscosity, conductivity, applied voltage, and nozzle-to-substrate distance on the ejection volume. The ejection volume increases with viscosity and decreases with applied voltage and nozzle-to-substrate distance. The average electric field was kept unchanged while changing the nozzle-to-substrate distance by changing the applied voltage according to the electric field model of a semi-infinite wire perpendicular to an infinite large planar counter electrode. The ejection volume decreases with conductivity as , which is different from the previous scaling law, which concludes that . Finally, a model about the relation between the ejection volume and four parameters was established by regression analysis using a third-order polynomial. Two more experiments were done, and the predicted results of the fitted model accorded well with the experiments. The model can be used to choose the ink properties and process parameters to get the right ejection volume.
Highlights
Electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing has attracted much attention due to its high printing resolution and material compatibility [1,2,3,4]
The average electric field strength on the surface of the meniscus was kept unchanged while changing the nozzle-to-substrate distance by changing the applied voltage according to the electric field model of a semi-infinite wire perpendicular to an infinite large planar counter electrode
The influence of viscosity, conductivity, applied voltage, and nozzle-to-substrate distance on the ejection volume in e-jet printing was analyzed through experiments
Summary
Electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing has attracted much attention due to its high printing resolution and material compatibility [1,2,3,4]. By adjusting the physical properties of liquids (such as surface tension, viscosity, density, and conductivity) or the process parameters (such as applied voltage, nozzle-to-substrate distance, and flow rate), several pulsation modes can be observed in e-jet printing, such as stable cone-jet mode, micro-dripping mode [20], and unstable cone-jet mode [21].The influence of various parameters on the stable cone-jet mode [22] and the micro-dripping mode [23] have been discussed. Ball et al [29] established a relationship between several parameters (applied voltage, supplied flow rate, and stand-off height) and printed droplet diameter through regression analysis of the experimental data. The influence of viscosity, conductivity, applied voltage, and nozzle-to-substrate distance on the ejection volume was analyzed through systematic experiments under DC applied voltage. Regression analysis was used to get a fitted model defining the relationship of various parameters (viscosity, conductivity, applied voltage, and nozzle-to-substrate distance) and ejection volume from experimental data. The model can be used to choose the ink properties and the process parameters to get the right ejection volume
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