Experimental Study of the Effect of Lyophilized Platelet Growth Factors (LPGFs) on Healing of Critical Size Defect in Craniofacial Bone

Abstract

Background: The maxillofacial trauma and their complications represent a great socio-economic concern for the Egyptian health system. There are multiple reconstructive options are available for reconstructing the critical size defects in craniomaxillofacial field. The reconstruction of the critical sized defects by autografts is considered the golden standard. They offer minimum immunological rejection, complete histocompatibility and can provide the best osteoinductive, osteoconductive and osteogenicproperties. Cell therapy and its applications showed great advance in reconstructive surgery in the last years. Growth factors derived from platelet rich plasma (PRP) can contribute to tissue regeneration in allogenic bone graft, by assisting cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and extra cellular matrix synthesis. Objective: To study the effect of human lyophilized GFs on healing of critical size bone defect in craniofacial bone of animal. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted between October 2016 and October 2018. It was conducted at the Medical Research Center associated with Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine and approved from the Research Ethics Committee (REC) of Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University (No: FMASU 1969/2014). Using 30 albino rats divided into 3 groups. Results: The results obtained in this study revealed a statistically significant bone healing after reconstruction of critical size calvarial bone defects by Lyophilized platelet growth factors (LPDGF) seeded on allogenic Demineralized bone matrix (DBM). In conclusion, this study presents a beneficial method for reconstruction of critical size calvarial bone defects by an already made non-immunogenic new tissue regenerate.Conclusion: This study advocate the use of DBM with LPDGF as a reconstructive tool for bone regeneration. But further clinical studies are needed to evaluate its rule in the unfavorable general and local conditions.