Experimental study of the distribution of elasticity in the peri-implant bone during prosthetics

Abstract

The world continues to study the biomechanics of implant dentures and their artifi-cial supports. At the same time, different attitudes to the inclined position of distal im-plants in the bone and their bilateral (mesial and distal) loading were noted. The lack of a unified view of the problem under consideration set us the goal to study in the experi-ment the distribution of stresses in the peri-implant bone in vertical (sheer) and inclined implants with the absence or presence of a distally located prosthesis body of various lengths with one-sided support on these artificial supports. For the experiment, we used mathematical modeling by the finite element method. It was used to study the distribution and magnitude of elastic stresses in the peri-implant bone. As a geometric model, a model of the upper jaw with an implant prosthesis installed on it, based on 4 implants, was used. It should be noted that the increase in stress in the material of the prosthesis and compact bone was not critical and was much less than the ultimate strength of these media when the distal implant was tilted with the presence of a dorsal body with one-sided support on the distal implant. As for the spongy bone, the stresses in it showed no dependence on the position of the implant as a whole and slightly increased with an increase in the mesiodistal length of the dorsal body of the prosthesis with one-sided support. Thus, mathematical modeling by the finite element method showed the uncritical distribution of elastic stresses in the prosthesis, distal im-plant, compact and cancellous bone