Abstract
In this study, we present a new method to calculate debris flow slurry impact and its distribution, which are critical issues for designing countermeasures against debris flows. There is no unified formula at present, and we usually design preventive engineering according to the uniform distribution of the maximum impact force. For conducting a laboratory flume experiment, we arrange sensors at different positions on a dam and analyze the differences on debris flow slurry impact against various densities, channel slopes, and dam front angles. Results show that the force of debris flow on the dam distributes unevenly, and that the impact force is large in the middle and decreases gradually to the both sides. We systematically analyze the influence factors for the calculation of the maximum impact force in the middle point and give the quantitative law of decay from the middle to the sides. We propose a method to calculate the distribution of the debris flow impact force on the whole section and provide a case to illustrate this method.
Highlights
Debris flow impact force includes slurry impact and huge rock impact, which provide the mechanical bases for checking engineering structures, including calculations for antisliding and anti-overturning [1,2,3,4]. e magnitude of the slurry impact force is one of the most important parameters for the Sabo dam design determining the movement of debris flow and its impact on the dam, especially for debris flow without huge rocks
We proposed a new method to calculate the maximum slurry impact force and the distribution through a laboratory flume experiment with various debris flow densities, mass volume, flume slopes, and dam front angles
We summarize the following conclusions from the results of the study: (1) Our new calculation method for the maximum impact force of debris flow considers the characteristics of debris flows and gullies, which are directly related to the debris flow instantaneous velocity and relative bulk density, and provides the basis for the calculation of the distribution of the impact force of debris flow
Summary
Debris flow impact force includes slurry impact and huge rock impact, which provide the mechanical bases for checking engineering structures, including calculations for antisliding and anti-overturning [1,2,3,4]. e magnitude of the slurry impact force is one of the most important parameters for the Sabo dam design determining the movement of debris flow and its impact on the dam, especially for debris flow without huge rocks. Many formulas have been proposed to calculate the debris flow impact. Fei and Shu [5] conducted theoretical analysis and many simulation experiments on impact force and established a calculation model of the debris flow impact, according to different particle movement types. He et al [6] proposed several methods for calculating the impact force of the large rock mass on the basis of elastoplastic theory. Armanini and Scotton [9] proposed a formula for the impact force based on a momentum conservation analysis to study the impact force of debris flow. We propose a method for calculating the distribution of the debris flow impact force on the whole section and provide a case to illustrate this method
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