Abstract
This work is dedicated to the determination of the particle emission from a commercially available bottom feed 5 kW pellet stove. Two-stage dilution was applied to provide the operational stability and conditioning of the sample. The analysis of particle emission was performed by means of the Electrical Low Pressure Impactor with 14 stages, able to separate particles from 0.006 to 10 µm. Measurements were carried out for several runs with nominal and part load regimes respectively at 5 and 2.5 kW. The study is focusing on the particle concentrations and their number size distributions as these factors have an important impact on atmospheric pollution and human health. The emission factors from different combustion cycles were in a range from 3.07×1014 to 2.4×41015 particles per kg (from 1.97×1013 to 1.57×1014 particles per MJ). The majority of measured particles were smaller than 1 µm. The particle distribution varied in different phases of combustion. The emission factors from different combustion cycles with included burnout phases were in a range from 2.53×1014 to 2.67×1015 particles per kg (from 1.62×1013 to 1.71×1014 particles per MJ).
Highlights
The use of modern biomass combustion devices for domestic heating purposes-and their market expansion-has been increasing the past decades with further perspectives as a renewable energy conversion technology
This work is dedicated to the determination of the particle emission from a commercially available bottom feed 5 kW pellet stove
The EU standards characterize the particle emissions in terms of mass concentration (EN 13284-1, 2002), current research demonstrates that other parameters, such as the number and size of particles, are essential when assessing the impact on the environment and human health (WHO, 2006; Bølling et al, 2009)
Summary
The use of modern biomass combustion devices for domestic heating purposes-and their market expansion-has been increasing the past decades with further perspectives as a renewable energy conversion technology. This includes small scale installations such as pellet stoves that are used for additional thermal comfort or as a single source of heat. Wood pellets consumed by these devices are quite common and are used for various appliances because of their rather high energy density, easy storage, transportability and availability. Due to the high level of technological maturity of these devices, their low emissions and their low costs of ownership, they happen to be competitive to traditional log wood stoves for residential applications. The EU standards characterize the particle emissions in terms of mass concentration (EN 13284-1, 2002), current research demonstrates that other parameters, such as the number and size of particles, are essential when assessing the impact on the environment and human health (WHO, 2006; Bølling et al, 2009)
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