Abstract
The paper deals with safety of transport from the point of view of an important social problem, which are accidents at railroad (including tramway) and road level crossings, which means compatibility of rail and road vehicles crash. The scale of such accidents can be very wide. Regarding the statistics and frequency of accidents particularly at railway level crossings and tramway level crossings, a collision simulating the collision of a tram and passenger car was experimentally carried out. The experiment took place at the site of testing laboratory of Rail Vehicles Research Institute in Cerhenice. The experiment was conducted with a passenger car Škoda Superb of the first generation that was exposed to two collisions from both sides. Firstly by the impactor for tram headstock tests and secondly by the tram headstock itself. Both the impactor and the headstock were placed on the experimental vehicle for tests of passive safety of rail vehicles. Various speeds were chosen so that the passenger car could be used for two subsequent experiments without the influence on properties of skeleton´s supporting structure.
Highlights
Accidents of a tram and car are quite a frequent phenomenon in big cities
The paper deals with safety of transport from the point of view of an important social problem, which are accidents at railroad and road level crossings, which means compatibility of rail and road vehicles crash
Regarding the statistics and frequency of accidents at railway level crossings and tramway level crossings, a collision simulating the collision of a tram and passenger car was experimentally carried out
Summary
Accidents of a tram and car are quite a frequent phenomenon in big cities Their consequences are mostly not fatal but they can cause both minor and serious injuries that could be prevented by changes in design of particular parts of cars and trams. According to the preliminary statistics in 2012 the Rail Safety Inspection recorded 4,181 accidents on the railroads in the Czech Republic in total. Their number increased by almost 12% compared with 2011. This increase was caused by important growth in the city public transport accidents, i.e. trams and trolleybuses, where the Rail Safety Inspection recorded 17% more accidents than in 2011 [11]. The survey of killed and injured people as a consequence of accidents and the development of the number of railroad accidents are presented in Figure 1a and 1b
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