Abstract
It is now well established that the morphological instability, i.e. the transition during solidification from a planar L/S interface to a cellular one, is strongly influenced by convection. The most recent theories on this topic, which are very advanced, suffer from the lack of experimental tests because uncontrolled convective effects cannot be avoid on the ground. Moreover the check of all the pertinent solidification parameters are not controlled in the same time or measured in real time. After a review of the main 1g experiments and their own limitations, we describe a new apparatus (MEPHISTO) which allows : • in-situ measurements of the main solidification parameters and in particular the undercooling at the solidification front in real time by a non perturbative method. • real time supervision of convective motions influence on crystal growth. First results obtained under 1g condition are presented : ◦ hydrodynamic scaling laws testing, ◦ instabilities detection, ◦ transient phenomena. Main space results are then anticipated including the role of g-jitters.
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