Abstract
Water inrush is a geological hazard often encountered in tunnel construction. In order to overcome problems encountered when using the existing water-inrush simulation model test, such as single function, low repetition utilization rate, and poor visibility, we developed a multi-type water-inrush model test system. Our test system can be a precursor to large-scale studies, handle multiple types, and perform serialization and visualization. We conducted cavity water-inrush simulation testing using this device, and studied the failure model of aquifuge rock. We reveal the evolution laws of water inrush from the cavity, including the initiation of fracture in the aquifuge rock, the formation of water-inrush channels, and the rupture of the aquifuge rock. By analyzing the seepage pressure changes at the monitoring points of the aquifuge rock, we divided the water-inrush process of the cave into a rack generation stage, a holing-through of fracture and forming of water-inrush channel stage, and a water-inrush stage. Test results show that the system is stable and reliable, only requiring a short test period, and can be used to guide large water-inrush testing and related projects.
Highlights
Water inrush from tunnels is always a hot topic in the geotechnical engineering field
We developed a tunnel water-inrush simulation indoor test system in order to solve the problems experienced by the existing model test system
For For the the seepage stage inrush,thethe water pressure increased at the rate of kPa/min according to the hydraulic loading scheme
Summary
Water inrush from tunnels is always a hot topic in the geotechnical engineering field. If the aquifuge structure is disturbed or exposed during tunnel construction, geological disasters, such as water inrush and mud gushing, are induced, often causing significant casualties and property loss. In order to ensure the safety of tunnel construction, it is of important theoretical and practical significance to study deeply the mechanism of water inrush and mud gushing occurrence [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The test method is an important process used to study rock-mechanics problems encountered by underground engineering. Researchers completed many experimental studies on the mechanism of water-inrush disaster in tunnels [7,8,9]
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