Abstract
Investigating the thermal and electrical gains and efficiencies influence the designed photovoltaic thermal hybrid collector (PVT) under different weather conditions. The designed system was manufactured by attaching a fabricated cooling system made of serpentine tubes to a single PV panel and connecting it to an automatic controlling system for measuring, monitoring, and simultaneously collecting the required data. A removable glass cover had been used to study the effects of glazed and unglazed PVT panel situations. The research was conducted in February (winter) and July (summer), and March for daily solar radiation effects on efficiencies. The results indicated that electrical and thermal gains increased by the increase in solar radiation. The average rise in PVT water collectors' thermal energy efficiency with a glass cover for three cases was 5% compared with the unglazed PVT water collector. While the maximum total efficiencies of 79 % and 69.5 % for glazed and unglazed collectors were recorded under maximum solar radiation of 1100 W/m2 and maximum water flow rate in the tubes system for July. The recorded result seemed promising and significant, indicating that the manufactured system is useful for adjusting PVT thermal and electrical efficiencies for cold and hot weather conditions.
Highlights
One of the main drawbacks of using conventional energy sources is the disadvantages of generating gases like CO2 and causing environmental pollution, that it is nonrenewable energy sources
With low sensitivity to the increase of solar radiation, thermal efficiency increased in linear proportional with laminar water flow rate, as presented in Fig. 6 and 7 for both cases
At Reynold number value of 1800, thermal efficiency has risen from 44.3 % to 52.6% as solar radiation increased from 200 W/m2 to 1100 W/m2 for the glazed collector
Summary
One of the main drawbacks of using conventional energy sources is the disadvantages of generating gases like CO2 and causing environmental pollution, that it is nonrenewable energy sources. For the past few decades, the solar energy market witnessed a high increase in thermal or photovoltaic technologies. Developments in this field concentrated on increasing the efficiency of various types of solar collectors and PV-Panels. Photovoltaic thermal (PVT) hybrid collectors are one of the major developments (Chew, et al, 2012, Aste, et al, 2015, Hahsim and Abbood, 2016, Hasan and Farhan, 2020). The PVT hybrid collector is a device that integrates between the solar thermal collector and PV panel to generate thermal and electric energy at the same time. It can be concluded that the use of integrated PVT is more efficient than the use of separate PV panels and the thermal collectors (Al-Waeli, et al, 2017)
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