Experimental Studies on Residue of the Administered Organophosphorous Insecticides

Abstract

Each of the 1, 000-times dilute solution of both drugs, Salithion and Sumithion, were experimentally sprayed over rabbits in vinyl greenhouses at a rate of five hours a day for three consecutive days. Changes in the residual quantity of the drugs in the blood and also in the quantity of PNMC, a metabolite of Sumithion in urine, were measured with the passage of time after the spraying. At the same time, the liver functions of the rabbits were checked and they were also subjected to a urinalysis and a pathohistological examination. The conclusions drawn from these studies are as follows:1) No abnormal findings were observed on the appearance of the rabbits exposed to Salithion and Sumithion. Nor were there any abnormalities in the ophthalmologic findings, especially, in the funduscopic findings, at 10 and 30 days after the spraying of these drugs.2) The residual quantity of both drugs in all the experimented rabbit's blood was measured immediately after the spraying. However, these drugs later disappeared rapidly from the blood, and they could not be detected 10 days after the spraying.3) There was a significant rise in the quantity of PNMC 24 hours after the spraying. Later, it decreased rapidly. Ten days after the spraying, its values returned to normal level before the spraying.4) With respect to the serum ChE level, the changes in the groups exposed to Salithion and Sumithion were the same as those in the control groups. So, any influences were not observed on serum ChE by the spraying of these drugs.5) In the liver function test, urinalysis and pathohistological examination, no abnomal findings attributable to the inhalation of both drugs were observed.6) The drug concentration in the air in the vinyl greenhouses at the time of their spraying was 61.5μg/m3 for Salithion and 30.1μg/m3 for Sumithion.