Experimental studies of the vapor phase nucleation of refractory compounds. V. The condensation of lithium

Abstract

Lithium nucleation was studied over the range of 830–1100 K in a gas evaporation apparatus yielding supersaturation ratios of approximately 300 to 7 over this temperature range, respectively, at an estimated flux of 109 cm−3 s−1. During runs we observed the same fluorescence phenomena due to atomic lithium vapor and the lithium dimer as noted by other researchers. The measured supersaturations are much higher than the values predicted by Classical Nucleation Theory. Modifications to Classical Nucleation Theory to account for the presence of dimers in the lithium vapor do not seem to account for this discrepancy. The data and Scaled Nucleation Theory agree fairly well at the lower temperature range, but at the higher end of the temperature range the data have a steeper drop in the supersaturation values than predicted by Scaled Nucleation Theory.