Experimental strategy of the spectrophotometric approach using freeze-drying for PO43− determination in frozen and chilled chickens in the Saudi Arabia market

Abstract

Herein, an efficient analytical method based on an extraction protocol was developed and validated for the spectrophotometric detection of phosphate (PO43−) in chilled and frozen chicken samples. The preparation was a very simple sample that included freeze-drying, extraction with acidified amino acids and filtration of the final extract prior to spectrophotometric analysis. FT-IR spectrum of CS1 was confirmed that the selected solvent has successfully extracted PO43− from the chilled chicken sample. Analytical performances were assessed in chilled of one of the merchant species and showed good recoveries with relative standard deviations (RSD) below 2%. The analytical validation parameters of the method in terms of limit of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) were calculated and found to be 0.10 and 0.032 mg/L, respectively. This protocol has been effectively applied to PO43− determination in chicken samples collected from Saudi supermarkets (Northern KSA), and PO43− in all frozen samples was detected at high mg/kg levels ranging from 2.11 × 104 to 2.90 × 104 mg/kg, while in limit levels of PO43− concentration were detected in the chilled samples except chilled sample 1 (CS1), which was 2.22 × 104 mg/kg. The extraction and determination protocol suggested that this developed method could be validated for routine monitoring of PO43− in food quality control laboratories and safety monitoring.